Protection Functions
A comprehensive relay library based on manufacturer-specific protection devices is available and can be used in steady-state and for
Large Relay Protection Device Models
Large relay protection devices include multifunctional, modular, and digital relays from leading manufacturers like ABB, Siemens, Schneider Electric, Eaton, and Phoenix Contact, designed for medium- and high-voltage power systems.
Key Relay Models and Manufacturers
ABB offers numerical relays that are microprocessor-based and multifunctional, allowing programmable settings for various protection tasks in medium-voltage substations . Popular models include the REX615 and REX640, which provide advanced protection, control, and monitoring capabilities. Siemens SIPROTEC relays are modular and highly configurable using the DIGSI 5 engineering tool. Notable models include:
- SIPROTEC 7SX82: Universal protection for feeders, lines, and motors in medium-voltage grids.
- SIPROTEC 7SD80/7SD82/7SD86/7SD87: Line differential protection for medium- and high-voltage systems, supporting multiple infeed ends and fast 3-pole tripping.
- SIPROTEC 7SA82/7SA86/7SA87: Distance protection relays with fast tripping times (as low as 9 ms) and modular I/O for high availability.
- SIPROTEC 7SL82/7SL86: Combined line differential and distance protection for complex line and cable networks . Schneider Electric provides the MiCOM and PowerLogic series for medium-voltage applications:
- MiCOM P11x: Compact phase and ground fault protection with self- or dual-powered options.
- PowerLogic P3, P5, P7: Advanced protection for motors, generators, busbars, and transformers, supporting IEC 61850 communication and arc flash mitigation.
- ECOFIT 50/51: Retrofit overcurrent relays compatible with legacy systems . Eaton offers specialized relays for high-impedance differential protection and arc flash mitigation:
- Bus Differential Relay: Digital protection for high-impedance schemes.
- Arc Flash Relay (EAFR): Rapidly clears fault currents to reduce arc flash energy.
- Distribution Relays: Compact, multifunctional devices combining metering, protection, and control . Phoenix Contact provides the POWERSAVE and KOMBISAVE+ families for medium-voltage grids (10–110 kV):
- POWERSAVE-TAB-PRO/DI08: Directional/non-directional overcurrent, ground-fault, undervoltage, and frequency protection.
- Software options: DIGICOM ADVANCED and BASIC for configuration, fault analysis, and system automation.
- Suitable for radial, looped, meshed, and busbar configurations .
Features to Consider
- Multifunctionality: Many relays combine overcurrent, distance, differential, and arc flash protection.
- Modularity: Modular I/O and configurable software allow tailored protection schemes.
- Digital Communication: Support for IEC 61850, Ethernet, and remote monitoring.
- Fast Tripping: Critical for minimizing fault impact, with some relays offering 3-pole tripping in under 10 ms.
- Retrofit Capability: Some models replace legacy electromechanical relays without major rewiring. These devices are essential for ensuring reliable, safe, and efficient operation of modern power grids, substations, and industrial electrical systems.
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