Silicon photonics is gaining prominence, integrating optics and electronic engineering to develop novel high-speed data processing capabilities and now a growing range of practical applications, including artificial intelligence data centres, quantum computers, and diagnostic tools. Silicon photonics is gaining prominence, integrating optics and electronic engineering to develop novel high-speed data processing capabilities and now a growing range of practical applications, including artificial intelligence data centres, quantum computers, and diagnostic tools. Silicon photonics (SiPh) is a platform for constructing photonic integrated circuits (PICs) designed for optical communication, high-speed data transfer, and photonic sensing devices. This technology utilises silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers and standard semiconductor manufacturing processes to. Silicon photonics is the study and application of photonic systems which use silicon as an optical medium. The silicon is usually patterned with sub-micrometre precision, into microphotonic components. Bandwidth bottlenecks and unsustainable power consumption are becoming critical barriers to progress. It enables optical communication on a silicon platform, bringing together the speed of light with the scalability of CMOS.